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Volume 10
Issue 2
August 1939
pp 96-103
Chemical composition of Indian senna leaves (Cassia angustifolia)
P Bhaskara Rama Murti T R Seshadri
A detailed chemical examination of the Indian senna leaves has been made. The ash has been analysed. An aqueous extract of the leaves has been found to contain a good amount of calcium salts. A petroleum ether extract yields senna wax consisting of free myricyl alcohol admixed with regular wax. Methods have been worked out for obtaining the flavonol and authraqui one group of compounds separately in the most convenient manner and in the best yield. The flavonol portion consists of iso-rhamnetin and kæmpferol in more or less equal quantities, whereas the anthraquinone portion contains mostly rhein along with small quantities of emodin.
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Volume 12
Issue 5
November 1940
pp 472-476
Wax fromButea frondosa flowers
P Bhaskara Rama Murti H Krishnaswamy
A colourless wax has been isolated from the flowers ofButea frondosa and its physical and chemical properties are described. The unsaponifiable matter consists mainly of myricyl alcohol along with small quantities of steroids. The composition of the saturated fatty acid mixture is very similar to that found in the seed oil.
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Volume 12
Issue 5
November 1940
pp 477-480
Occurrence of free butein and butin in the flowers ofButea frondosa
P Bhaskara Rama Murti T R Seshadri
A new method of isolating butein and butin from the flowers ofButea frondosa is described. The total yield of the aglucones is 0.34% on the weight of the air-dry flowers. By separating them using boiling water, it has been found that butein exists to the extent of 0.3% and butin 0.04%.
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Volume 12
Issue 6
December 1940
pp 519-531
Paper pulp from annual crops - Part I. Rice straw
P Bhaskara Rama Murti T R Seshadri
The conditions for the production of paper pulp from rice straw by the alkali process have been investigated. About 22% of soda on the weight of the straw used in 3% solution, a temperature of 100–05°C. and a cooking period of 3 hours have been found to be satisfactory. With a view to effect economy in alkali the mother liquor has been used in a subsequent double boiling process yielding paper pulp of good quality. In a straw having cellulose (Cross and Bevan) 37·5% the yield of paper pulp is about 44%. The characteristics of the pulp are described in detail.
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Volume 13
Issue 3
March 1941
pp 221-232
A study of the chemical components of the roots ofDecalepis Hamiltonii (Makali Veru) - Part I. Chemical composition of the roots
P Bhaskara Rama Murti T R Seshadri
The general chemical composition of the roots ofDecalepis Hamiltonii has been studied. The petroleum ether extract of the Decalepis roots was found to contain (1) a ketonic substance melting at 83–84°, resinol fractions melting between 130 and 185°, a definite compound of the same group melting at 235–36°, sterols and para methoxysalicylicaldehyde. The subsequent alcohol extract contained besides saponins and tannins a crystalline resin acid melting at 245°, an amorphous resin acid melting at 180° and inactive inositol.
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Volume 13
Issue 4
April 1941
pp 263-265
A study of the chemical components of the roots ofDecalepis Hamiltonii (Makali Veru) - Part II. A Note on the preparation of inositol by solvent extraction
P Bhaskara Rama Murti
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Volume 13
Issue 5
May 1941
pp 395-398
The glycosidic components of the flowers ofButea frondosa
P Bhaskara Rama Murti T R Seshadri
Butrin has been obtained by a simple method and in good yield from the flowers ofButea frondosa. On hydrolysis with acids it gives a mixture of butin and butein. Two colourless crystalline compounds have also been isolated, one of which is a phytosterolin and the other an unidentified heteroside.
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Volume 13
Issue 5
May 1941
pp 399-403
A study of the chemical components of the roots ofDecalepis Hamiltonii - Part III. Comparison withHemidesmus indicus (Indian sarsaparilla)
P Bhaskara Rama Murti T R Seshadri
The roots of theHemidesmus indicus were studied on the lines adopted forDecalepis Hamiltonii and were found to have a similar composition particularly with regard to the petrol extract. Since theDecalepis roots contain much higher percentages of the various chemical components they are more suitable for use as drug.
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Volume 13
Issue 6
June 1941
pp 564-565
Paper pulp from annual crops - Part II. A note on the yields and characteristics of pulps from different varieties of rice straw
P Bhaskara Rama Murti
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Volume 14
Issue 2
August 1941
pp 93-99
A study of the chemical components ofDecalepis Hamiltonii (Makali Veru) - Part IV. Rasinols ofDecalepis Hamiltonii andHemidesmus indicus
P Bhaskara Rama Murti T R Seshadri
The existence of resinol in the petrol-soluble portions ofDecalepis Hamiltonii andHemidesmus indicus has been established by the isolation of α- and β-amyrins and lupeol from them. They exist both free and as esters. The various fractions have been analysed using both the acetate and the benzoate methods. The roots of theDecalepis contain more of the amyrins and less of lupeol whereas theHemidesmus contains more of lupeol. The more soluble fractions of both roots seem to possess certain compounds having partly the properties of sterols and partly those of resinols. Further inHemidesmus roots small amounts of tetracyclic triterpene alcohols also seem to be present.
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Volume 14
Issue 4
October 1941
pp 1-
Erratum
Errata
P Bhaskara Rama Murti T R Seshadri
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Volume 16
Issue 2
August 1942
pp 135-136
A study of the chemical components of the roots ofDecalepis Hamiltonii - Part V. A Note on the use of 4-o-methylresorcylic aldehyde as a preservative
P Bhaskara Rama Murti T R Seshadri
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Volume 18
Issue 3
September 1943
pp 145-159
Chemical composition ofCalotropis gigantea - Part I. Wax and resin components of the latex
P Bhaskara Rama Murti T R Seshadri
The latex ofCalotropis gigantea contains (1) resinols as esters of steamvolatile fatty acids (acetic and isovaleric), (2) cardiac poisons similar to usharin and (3) calcium oxalate. The resinol portion consists mainly of two new alcohols, α-calotropeol and β-calotropeol in almost equal quantities and minor amounts of β-amyrin. The important properties of the calotropeols have been studied. It is suggested that ‘Calosterol’ of Basu and Nath should be a mixture of resinols contaminated with cardiac poisons. The recent report of Hesseet al. that the milky latex ofCalotropis procera contains only α-lactucerol as its esters with steam-volatile fatty acids is discussed.
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Volume 20
Issue 5
May 1945
pp 266-273
Wax and resin components ofLeptadenia reticulata
P Bhaskara Rama Murti T R Seshadri
Past work on the chemical components of a number of plants of the family Asclepiadaceæ is reviewed. They are found to contain resinols though many of these were originally mistaken for sterols. With a view to test if this is an invariable rule another member,Leptadenia reticulata, has now been studied. The major portion of the wax consists of aliphatic wax esters derived from long-chain alcohols (C28–C34) and long-chain acids (C28–C22). Considerable amount of sterols occur free and the mixture seems to consist mostly of stigmasterol along with smaller amounts of sitosterols of which γ-sitosteral could be characterised. No resinols could be detected.
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Volume 20
Issue 5
May 1945
pp 279-291
Chemical examination of the flowers ofPongamia glabra and a note on the glycosidic components ofButea frondosa flowers
P Bhaskara Rama Murti T R Seshadri
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Volume 21
Issue 1
January 1945
pp 8-18
Chemical composition ofCalotropis gigantea - Part II. Wax and resin components of the stem bark
P Bhaskara Rama Murti T R Seshadri
A study of the wax and resin components of the stem bark ofCalotropis gigantea is described. They were separated into fractions by means of alcohol. The most sparingly soluble fraction consisted of esters of resinols with long chain (saturated and unsaturated) fatty acids. From the unsaponifiable matter by fractionating the acetates and the benzoates, α-and β-calotropeols and β-amyrin were obtained. Small quantities of a mixture of possibly tetracyclic triterpene compounds and traces of sterols were also found to be present. A subsequent fraction was aliphatic being made up of 90% of fatty acids (C30 and near homologues) and 10% of hydrocarbons (C31+C33, etc). The most soluble fraction contained esters of triterpene alcohols with steam volatile fatty acids. By a process of direct crystallisation applied repeatedly a new substance, Giganteol acetate, could be obtained from this fraction. It yielded a new dihydric alcohol, Giganteol, having the formula C30H50O2.
An alcoholic extract of the wax-free stem bark yielded mineral matter consisting of citrates, chlorides and tartrates of sodium and potassium.
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Volume 21
Issue 4
April 1945
pp 147-154
Wax and resin components ofCalotropis gigantea - Part III. Root bark
P Bhaskara Rama Murti T R Seshadri
The wax and resin components of the root bark ofCalotropis gigantea have been examined. A substance corresponding to the description of ‘mudarol’ of previous workers could be isolated. However, its properties indicate that it is a triterpene alcohol and not a sterol. β-amyrin is also found as a major component. These two alcohols are present as esters of volatile and non-volatile fatty acids. β-amyrin acetate could be isolated by direct fractional crystallisation. No substance corresponding to the description of “akundarol” of Hill and Sirkar could be found.
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Volume 22
Issue 3
September 1945
pp 138-142
Chemical composition ofCalotropis gigantea - Part IV. The resinols of the root bark
K J Balakrishna P Bhaskara Rama Murti T R Seshadri
Mudarol, the chief resinol component of the root bark ofCalotropis gigantea, has been separated into two isomeric compounds by fractional crystallisation of the acetates and also by chromatographic adsorption analysis of the free alcohols. Giganteol which was first obtained from the stem bark is one of them and a new triterpene alcohol, isogiganteol is the other. The properties and reactions of the new resinol are described. Though giganteol and isogiganteol (C30H50O2) have two oxygen atoms they form only monoacetates. They do not combine with dinitrophenyl-hydrazine.
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Volume 22
Issue 5
November 1945
pp 289-292
The waxy matter of the flowers ofHibiscus sabdariffa andCarthamus tinctorius
P Bhaskara Rama Murti T R Seshadri
The waxy matter isolated from the flowers ofHibiscus sabdariffa by alcohol extraction yielded phytosterolin as the ether-insoluble component. The ether-soluble portion consisted mainly of hydrocarbons having chain lenghts round about C27 along with very small amounts of sitosterol. By the extraction of safflower with carbon tetrachloride was obtained a wax made up mostly of paraffin of chain lenght C29 and near homologues.
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Volume 22
Issue 5
November 1945
pp 304-309
Chemical composition ofCalotropis gigantea - Part VI. Flowers. A comparison of the composition of the various parts of the plant
P Bhaskara Rama Murti T R Seshadri
The ligroin extract of the flowers yielded waxy matter. One fraction of it consisted mainly of the esters of the resinols, α- and β-calotropeols and β-amyrin, with volatile as well as long chain fatty acids. There was also some sterol. The non-resinol aliphatic part contained mainly esters of wax acids and alcohols. The alcoholic extract of the wax-free flowers yielded only mineral matter—citrates, chlorides and tartrates of sodium and potassium.
The various parts ofCalotropis gigantea are compared with regard to the chemical components present in them.