The experimental study is designed towards performance evaluation of unalike non-conventional and environment friendly cutting fluids viz. sodium nitrite, propylene glycol and soap water, while grinding Ti-6Al-4V through an economic SQL-based delivery system in drop-by-drop mode. The study is aimed at findingalternate cutting fluids that are both economic and environment friendly. These fluids have been applied separately during up-grinding of Ti-6Al-4V for 20 consecutive passes using identical alumina wheels and process parameters. Performances of these fluids are compared with conventional grinding fluid and dry grinding under three different cutting depths of 5, 10 and 15 μm. Through the critical and exhaustive analyses of germane factors of considerations like cutting force and specific cutting energy, average surface roughness, grinding ratio,SEM of the ground surface and chip-forms, the performances of the different unconventional fluids are evaluated and presented here. The results suggest that unconventional fluids are better suited compared with conventionalfluids for grinding Ti-6Al-4V. Propylene glycol exhibits the most satisfactory results while reducing the grinding force requirement by 25 to 30%, specific energy by 25 to 32%, surface roughness by 35 to 40% and improvinggrinding ratio by 3 to 5 times compared with dry grinding and grinding using conventional coolant.

Buoyancy driven thermal flow behavior inside an air saturated porous enclosure has been numerically studied for transient to steady state with the help of stream-function and isotherm profiles, Nusselt number, and entropy generation. Buoyancy has been induced from below, and the top wall is maintained at a relatively cold temperature while the periodic condition arises from left to right. Process parameters selected for this investigation are non-dimensional time (t, varied from 0.005 to 0.5), Rayleigh number (Ra, varied from 10⁴ to 10⁶) and Darcy number (Da, varied from 10^-3 to 10^-1). A typical formation of global circulation has been observed at lower periods of heating (λ/H ≤ 0.25) in cases of high Ra and high Da. Strength of the circulation rolls enhances 20 times from Ra = 10⁴ to Ra = 10⁵. The present investigation is commonly essential for thestability of high sensitive devices like chemical reactors.