Earth System Science refers to the integrated study of phys­ical, biological, chemical, and social processes that define the conditions on Earth. The earth system approach looks at the planet, linking the atmosphere, oceans and hydrosphere, the terrestrial realm, cryosphere and the biosphere. Earth sys­tem science services include weather and climate forecasts, ocean and coastal state forecasts, warnings, seismological mon­itoring, exploration of polar regions, and living and non-living resources of the oceans.