In this article I review the constraints on neutrino mass and mixing coming from type-II supernovae. The bounds obtained on these parameters from shock reheating, r-process nucleosynthesis and from SN1987A are discussed. Given the current constraints on neutrino mass and mixing the effect of oscillations of neutrinos from a nearby supernova explosion in future detectors will also be discussed.

Neutrino oscillation, in which a given flavor of neutrino transforms into another is a powerful tool for probing small neutrino masses. The intrinsic neutrino properties involved are neutrino mass squared difference Δm² and the mixing angle in vacuum θ. In this paper I will summarize the progress that we have achieved in our search for neutrino oscillation with special emphasis on the recent results from the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) on the measurement of solar neutrino fluxes. I will outline the current bounds on the neutrino masses and mixing parameters and discuss the major physics goals of future neutrino experiments in the context of the present picture.

This is the report of neutrino and astroparticle physics working group at WHEPP-7. Discussions and work on CP violation in long baseline neutrino experiments, ultra high energy neutrinos, supernova neutrinos and water Cerenkov detectors are discussed.

This article summarises the status of the solar neutrino oscillation phenomenology at the end of 2002 in the light of the SNO and KamLAND results. We first present the allowed areas obtained from global solar analysis and demonstrate the preference of the solar data towards the large-mixing-angle (LMA) MSW solution. A clear confirmation in favour of the LMA solution comes from the KamLAND reactor neutrino data. The KamLAND spectral data in conjunction with the global solar data further narrows down the allowed LMA region and splits it into two allowed zones a low Δm² region (low-LMA) and high Δm² region (high-LMA). We demonstrate through a projected analysis that with an exposure of 3 kton-year (kTy) KamLAND can remove this ambiguity.

This is the report of neutrino and astroparticle physics working group at WHEPP-8. We present the discussions carried out during the workshop on selected topics in the above fields and also indicate progress made subsequently. The neutrino physics subgroup studied the possibilities of constraining neutrino masses, mixing and CPT violation in lepton sector from future experiments. Neutrino mass models in the context of Abelian horizontal symmetries, warped extra dimensions and in the presence of triplet Higgs were studied. Effect of threshold corrections on radiative magnification of mixing angles was investigated. The astroparticle physics subgroup focused on how various particle physics inputs affect the CMBR fluctuation spectrum, and on brane cosmology. This report also contains an introduction on how to use the publicly available code CMBFAST to calculate the CMBR fluctuations.

The phenomenon of neutrino oscillation is now well understood from the solar, atmospheric, reactor and accelerator neutrino experiments. This oscillation is characterized by a unitary PMNS matrix which is parametrized by three mixing angles (𝜃₁₂, 𝜃₂₃ and 𝜃₁₃) and one phase (𝛿_CP) known as the leptonic CP phase. Neutrino oscillation also involves two mass squared differences: the solar mass square difference (𝛥₂₁ = 𝑚₂² − 𝑚²₁) and the atmospheric mass square difference (𝛥₃₁ = |𝑚²₃−𝑚²₁|). Though there is already significant amount of information about the three mixing angles, the CP phase is still unknown. Apart from the CP phase, one should also know what is the true nature of the neutrino mass hierarchy, i.e., normal (𝑚₃ > 𝑚₁: NH) or inverted (𝑚₁ > 𝑚₃: IH) and what is the true octant of 𝜃₂₃, i.e., lower (𝜃₂₃ < 45°: LO) or higher (𝜃₂₃ > 45°: HO). The long-baseline experiments (LBL) have CP sensitivity coming from the appearance channel $(\nu_{\mu} \rightarrow \nu_{e}$). On the other hand, atmospheric neutrinos are known to have negligible CP sensitivity. In this work, we study the synergy between the LBL experiment NO𝜈A, T2K and the atmospheric neutrino experiment ICAL@INO for obtaining the first hint of CP violation in the lepton sector. We find that due to the lack of knowledge of hierarchy and octant, CP sensitivity of NO𝜈A/T2K is poorer for some parameter ranges. Addition of ICAL data to T2K and NO𝜈A can exclude these spurious wrong-hierarchy and/or wrong-octant solutions and cause a significant increase in the range of 𝛿_CP values for which a hint of CP violation can be achieved. Similarly, the precision with which 𝛿_CP can be measured also improves with the inclusion of ICAL data.

In this paper, the recent progress in the determination of neutrino oscillation parameters and future prospects have been discussed. The tiny neutrino masses as inferred from oscillation data and cosmology cannot be explained naturally by the Higgs mechanism and warrant some new physics. The latter can be connected to the Majorana nature of the neutrinos which can be probed by neutrinoless double beta decay (0𝜈𝛽𝛽). The paper also summarizes the latest experimental results in 0𝜈𝛽𝛽 and discusses some implications for the left–right symmetric model which could be a plausible new physics scenario for the generation of neutrino masses.

The upcoming 50 kt magnetized iron calorimeter (ICAL) detector at the India-based Neutrino Observatory (INO) is designed to study the atmospheric neutrinos and antineutrinos separately over a wide range of energies andpath lengths. The primary focus of this experiment is to explore the Earth matter effects by observing the energy and zenith angle dependence of the atmospheric neutrinos in the multi-GeV range. This study will be crucial toaddress some of the outstanding issues in neutrino oscillation physics, including the fundamental issue of neutrino mass hierarchy. In this document, we present the physics potential of the detector as obtained from realistic detector simulations.We describe the simulation framework, the neutrino interactions in the detector, and the expected responseof the detector to particles traversing it. The ICAL detector can determine the energy and direction of the muons to a high precision, and in addition, its sensitivity to multi-GeV hadrons increases its physics reach substantially. Itscharge identification capability, and hence its ability to distinguish neutrinos from antineutrinos, makes it an efficient detector for determining the neutrino mass hierarchy. In this report, we outline the analyses carried out for the determination of neutrino mass hierarchy and precision measurements of atmospheric neutrino mixing parameters at ICAL, and give the expected physics reach of the detector with 10 years of runtime. We also explore the potential of ICAL for probing new physics scenarios like CPT violation and the presence of magnetic monopoles.