By using the method of dynamical system, the bidirectional wave equations are considered. Based on this method, all kinds of phase portraits of the reduced travelling wave system in the parametric space are given. All possible bounded travelling wave solutions such as dark soliton solutions, bright soliton solutions and periodic travelling wave solutions are obtained. With the aid of {\it Maple} software, numerical simulations are conducted for dark soliton solutions, bright soliton solutions and periodic travelling wave solutions to the bidirectional waveequations. The results presented in this paper improve the related previous studies.