The band structure of the proton-odd nuclei $^{153,155}$Eu, built on Nilsson orbitals, is investigated within the framework of a recently developed extended Bohr Hamiltonian model. The relative distance between spherical orbitals is taken into account by considering single-particle energies as a parameter which changes with increasing neutron number. Energy levels of each band and$B(E2)$ values inside the ground-state band are calculated and compared with the available experimental data. Thus, more comprehensive information on the structure of deformed nuclei can be obtained by studying the rotation–vibration spectra of odd nuclei built on Nilsson single-particle orbitals.