Seed structure and seedling anatomy ofCajanus cajan are investigated. Seeds are non-endospermic. Initially ovules are anatropous but later they become campylotropous. The epidermis and the hypodermis of the seed coat consist of macrosclereids and osteosclereids respectively. Macrosclereids have fluted wall thickenings. The “tracheid island” has cells with lignified reticulate wall thickenings. Vascular interrelationship between the radicle, epicotyl and first pair of leaves have been described.