Rapid urban expansion and associated land-use land-cover (LULC) change in India have emerged as a serious environmental threat that accelerates the impacts of urban heat island intensity (UHII). Three independent investigations have been conducted in this study using a series of Landsat data. The objectives of this work are: (1) To predict the near-future LULC scenario using an integrated model; (2) To understand the connection between band mean for particular LULC class with LST; (3) To analyze the temporal relationship between different types of built-up clusters and LST. The LULC and LST maps reveal that LST increases from $27.01^{0}$ to $33.86^{0}\rm{C}$, whereas built-up areas rise from 6.93% to 27.10% during 1988–2018, respectively. We observed that the near-future LULC scenario of KMA shows a huge expansion of built-up areas paid by decreased vegetation and open spaces. A clear significant correlation has been found between band mean and LST in all three Landsat sensors with the $R^{2} = 0.84$; $p$<$0.02$ for Landsat 5 TM, $R^{2} = 0.91$ and $0.99$; $p$<$0.01$ and $0.00$ for Landsat $7 \rm{ETM+}$, and $R^{2} = 0.88$; $p$<$0.01$ for Landsat 8 OLI in connection to our second objective. However, no agreement has been found between different built-up clusters and LST over 30 years of observation. For the first time, this study established the interconnectivity between bands of Landsat sensors and LST. The temporal relationship between different built-up clusters and LST have reviled also for the first time. Beside this, the rising rate of built-up areas was observed by the integrated model. Such alarming condition demands immediate attention to sustainable, and scientific land use regulations under new urbanism policy.

Significant, but volumetrically smaller, unmetamorphosed and largely undeformed alkaline magmatic suites have been reported from the Southern Granulite Terrain in southern India. These Neoproterozoic alkaline magmatic rocks occur as lenses, dykes and plugs that are mostly within, or proximal to, major shear zones or transcrustal faults. In this contribution, field, petrographic and whole-rock geochemicaldata of Sullya syenites and associated mafic granulites from the Mercara Shear Zone (MSZ), which separates low-grade (greenschist to upper amphibolite facies) Dharwar Craton and high-grade (granulite facies) Southern Granulite Terrain is presented. The isolated body of the Sullya syenite, similar to other alkaline plutons of the Southern Granulite Terrain, shows an intrusive relationship with the host hornblende-biotite gneisses and mafic granulites. The Sullya syenites lack macroscopic foliations and unlike, other plutons, they are not associated with carbonatites and ultrapotassic granites. Potash feldspar and plagioclase dominates the felsic phases in the Sullya syenite and there is negligible quartz. The studied syenites show evidence of melt supported deformation, but show no evidence of recrystallization. Geochemically,they most resemble the Angadimogar syenites (situated 3 km west of the Sullya syenites) with similar major oxide and trace element concentrations. The petrogenetic studies of the Sullya syenite have indicated that they were generated by mixing of two different sources derived from the partial melting of metasomatized continental mantle lithosphere and lower crustal mafic granulites. This melt source could have been emplaced in a rift-related tectonic setting. The emplacement is considered to becontrolled by shears.