Electrodeposition of BaCO₃ from aminecarboxylate stabilized-Ba(HCO₃)₂ baths, results in oriented crystallization when the bath conditions promote the decomposition of the Ba complex. Crystal growth is predominant along the 𝑐-crystallographic axis. The crystallites orient themselves with their 𝑐-axis normal to the substrate. The crystallites exhibit three-fold twinning (trilling) consequent to the evolution of the {110} planes as planes of reflection. Pairs of trillings are seen to grow about a four-sided polygon formed by the {010} crystal faces whose centre is a point of inversion.

Both crystallite size effects and structural disorder contribute to the broadening of lines in the powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) patterns of layered materials. Stacking faults, in particular, are ubiquitous in layered materials and aside from broadening also induce peaks due to select reflections to shift away from the Bragg positions. The effect of structural disorder has to be suitably discounted before the application of the Scherrer formula for the estimation of crystallite size.