An expeditious neat procedure was developed for the synthesis of a series of new methyl phenyl heterocyclic phosphinates (3a-l) through Michaelis-Arbuzov reaction by the reaction of various heterocyclic halides (Cl or Br) (1a-l) with dimethyl phenylphosphonite (2) under N₂ atmosphere using a heterogeneous catalyst, LaCl₃.7H₂O. The advantages of the developed procedure are good yields (80-89%) of the products, less reaction time (2-3 h), avoiding toxic catalysts and harmful solvents and easy work-up procedure. Further, antimicrobial activity of the synthesized compounds was evaluated at different concentrations 50, 100 and 150 𝜇g/mL. Biological data revealed that compounds 3i, 3j and 3h, 3j exhibited potential antibacterial and antifungal activities, respectively, while the rest of the compounds showed moderate antimicrobial activity.

In the present study, a new thiourea derivative bearing benzothiazole ligand, 1-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)thiourea (btt) and its ternary metal (Cu(II), Co(II) and Ni(II)) complexes were synthesized. The structural characterization was carried out by micro analysis, IR, ¹H-NMR, EPR, UV-Visible spectral analyses, molar conductance and thermal analysis studies. Spectral studies of complexes revealed that the metal complexes have distorted octahedral geometry. Molecular modelling study was performed to evaluate the recognition of target compounds at the 3MNG binding pocket. The docking results revealed that copper complex selectively binds to the crucial amino acid residues in the active site of 3MNG. The in vitro antioxidant activity of the ligand and its metal complexes was assayed by radical scavenging activity (DPPH, H₂O₂ and NO) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methods. The ligand showed moderate antioxidant activity whereas the metal complexes exhibited better antioxidant activity than that of the ligand. The results of the four methods proved that the copper complex is the most potent antioxidant among all the tested compounds.

An efficient, environmentally benign and green method was developed for the synthesis of α-aminophosphonates by one-pot three-component reaction (Kabachnik-Fields reaction) of amine (4-(4-chlorophenoxy) aniline), aldehydes and diethyl phosphite using catalyst, SiO₂-ZnBr₂ under solvent-free conditions. The developed method under conventional conditions was further optimized in microwave and ultrasonication methods. A series of α-aminophosphonates, diethyl (4-(4-chlorophenoxy) phenylamino)(aryl/ heteroaryl) methylphosphonates was synthesized to check the generality. The catalyst, SiO₂-ZnBr₂ afforded good yields of products in all the methods in the range of 85–97% but variation was observed in reaction time. Microwave irradiation method took very less time (4–8 min) as compared with ultrasonication (35–52 min) and conventional (2–3 h) conditions. The major advantages are simple and mild conditions, short reaction times, high yield of the product with purity, use of cheap catalyst and reusability of the catalyst until to three times without significant loss of activity. Antibacterial and antifungal activities were evaluated for the title compounds (50 and 100μg/mL) including minimum inhibitory concentrations. A few of the newly synthesized α-aminophosphonates exhibited promising antimicrobial activity at lower MIC values in the range of 15.0–25.0μg/mL and closer to the standards (5–12μg/mL).