Endometriosis is a common disease in women, which impairs the quality of life in patients. Recently, accumulatingevidences reported that miRNAs play an essential role in diagnosis and treatment of endometriosis.However, the regulatory mechanism of miRNAs has not been fully explored. The expression of miR-17-5p andVEGFA was detected using qRT-PCR. The protein level of VEGFA was measured via Western blot. Cellproliferation was determined by CCK-8 assay. Cell migration and invasion were measured via transwell assay.The relationship of miR-17-5p and VEGFA were verified via luciferase reporter assay. Then miR-17-5p wasremarkably down-regulated in endometriosis tissues, serums and cells, and overexpression of miR-17-5pinhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion in endometriosis. Results showed that VEGFA was significantlyup-regulated in endometriosis tissues and cells and acted as a target of miR-17-5p. Moreover, miR-17-5p negatively regulated VEGFA expression in endometriosis. Otherwise, up-regulation of VEGFAimproved cell proliferative, migrated and invasive ability in ECSCs with transfection of miR-17-5p mimicsgroup. Our data showed miR-17-5p inhibits cell proliferation, migration and invasion in endometriosis bydirectly repressing VEGFA expression.