In the present investigation, TiO₂, CdS and TiO₂/CdS bilayer system have been deposited on the fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) coated glass substrate by chemical methods. Nanograined TiO₂ was deposited on FTO coated glass substrates by successive ionic layers adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method. Chemical bath deposition (CBD)method was employed to deposit CdS thin film on pre-deposited TiO₂ film. A further study has beenmade for structural, surface morphological, optical and photoelectrochemical (PEC) properties of FTO/TiO₂, FTO/CdS and FTO/TiO₂/CdS bilayers system. PEC behaviour of FTO/TiO₂/CdS bilayers was studied and compared with FTO/CdS single system. FTO/TiO₂/CdS bilayers system showed improved performance of PEC properties over individual FTO/CdS thin films.

Nanostructured Ni(OH)₂ thin films were deposited over stainless steel (SS) and glass substrate via simple chemical bath deposition (CBD) method. NiCl₂ :6H₂O were used as source of nickel and aqueous ammonia as a complexing agent. The coating process of Ni(OH)₂ material over substrate is based on the decomposition of ammonia complexed nickel ions at two different bath temperatures. The changes in structural, morphological and electro-chemical properties are examined as an impact of bath temperature. XRD studies reveal formation of mixed phase of 𝛼 and 𝛽 at lower bath temperature (313 K) while, pure 𝛽 phase of Ni(OH)₂ thin films deposited was observed at higher bath temperature (353 K). The morphological evolution from honeycomb structure to vertically aligned flakes over the substrate is observed as the influence of bath temperature. The supercapacitive performance based on the morphology examined by using cyclic voltammetric measurements in 1 M KOH. The maximum specific capacitances of 610 and 460 F/g were observed for the vertical flake and honeycomb structured Ni(OH)₂ thin films, respectively.