The conditions for the production of paper pulp from rice straw by the alkali process have been investigated. About 22% of soda on the weight of the straw used in 3% solution, a temperature of 100–05°C. and a cooking period of 3 hours have been found to be satisfactory. With a view to effect economy in alkali the mother liquor has been used in a subsequent double boiling process yielding paper pulp of good quality. In a straw having cellulose (Cross and Bevan) 37·5% the yield of paper pulp is about 44%. The characteristics of the pulp are described in detail.