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Cosmology; stochastic equations; Fokker–Planck equation

In this paper, we propose a stochastic evolution of the early Universe which can lead to a fractal correlation in galactic distribution in the Universe. The stochastic equation of state, due to fluctuating creation rates of various components in a many-component fluid, leads to a fluctuating expansion rate for the Universe in the early epochs. It provides persistent fluctuations in the number count vs. apparent magnitude relation, as expected from the observation of a fractal distribution of the galaxies. We also present a stochastic evolution of density perturbations in the early Universe.

C SIVAKUMAR¹

1. Department of Physics, Maharaja’s College, Ernakulam 682 011, India

Manuscript received

6 July 2016

Manuscript revised

26 June 2017

Accepted

1 August 2017

Early published

Unedited version published online

Final version published online

11 December 2017