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    • Geo-effectiveness of solar wind extremes

      Hari Om Vats

      Volume 27 Issue 2-3 June 2006 pp 227-235

    • Fulltext

       

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      Permanent link:
      https://www.ias.ac.in/article/fulltext/joaa/027/02-03/0227-0235

    • Keywords

       

      Geomagnetic storms; geomagnetic activity; solar wind streams; interplanetary magnetic field; space weather

    • Abstract

       

      Examples of extreme events of solar wind and their effect on geomagnetic conditions are discussed here. It is found that there are two regimes of high speed solar wind streams with a threshold of ∼ 850 km s-1. Geomagnetic activity enhancement rate (GAER) is defined as an average increase in Ap value per unit average increase in the peak solar wind velocity (Vp) during the stream. GAER was found to be different in the two regimes of high speed streams with +ve and-ve IMF. GAER is 0.73 and 0.53 for solar wind streams with +ve and -ve IMF respectively for the extremely high speed streams (< 850 km s-1). This indicates that streams above the threshold speed with +ve IMF are 1.4 times more effective in enhancing geomagnetic activity than those with -ve IMF. However, the high speed streams below the threshold with -ve IMF are 1.1 times more effective in enhancing geomagnetic activity than those with +ve IMF. The violent solar activity period (October–November 2003) of cycle 23 presents a very special case during which many severe and strong effects were seen in the environment of the Earth and other planets; however, the z-component of IMF (Bz) is mostly positive during this period. The most severe geomagnetic storm of this cycle occurred when Bz was positive.

    • Author Affiliations

       

      Hari Om Vats1

      1. Physical Research Laboratory, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad - 380 009, India

    • Dates

       
      Published
      9 June 2006

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