Genetic structure, population diversity and ancestry of Nicobari fowl based on mtDNA complete D-loop sequences
MUNISWAMY KANGAYAN ARUN KUMAR DE DEBASIS BHATTACHARYA SUJATHA TAMILVANAN PERUMAL PONRAJ RAFEEQUE R. ALYETHODI JAI SUNDER P. A. BALA ANANDAMOY KUNDU EAKNATH B. CHAKURKAR
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Nicobari fowl constitute an endemic poultry germplasm of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. Genetic diversity, population structure and ancestry of Nicobari fowl were analysed with mitochondrial D-loop sequences. Analysis of complete D-loop sequences (1231–1232 bp) showed 46 polymorphic sites resulting in 26 haplotypes with overall haplotype diversity of 0.895 and nucleotide diversityof 0.0064. Analysis of molecular variance of spatial populations (sampling sites) of Nicobari fowl revealed that the estimated FST value as 0.229 among the populations. Tajima's D and Fu's FS tests indicated nonsignificant deviation from neutrality and the multimodal pattern of mismatch distribution in demographic expansion suggested that Nicobari fowl populations are in equilibrium. The median-joining (MJ) network of D-loop sequences with reference haplogroup sequences identifies the presence of haplogroups A, B, E1, E2, F and I in Nicobari fowl. The major haplogroup in Nicobari fowl was E (60%), which is otherwise found mainly in the Indian subcontinent. Phylogenetic analysis of Nicobari fowl with junglefowl by maximum likelihood method showed Gallus gallus murghi and G. g. spadiceus as maternal progenitors. Grouping of Nicobari fowl with their primary ancestor, Indian red Junglefowl (G. g. murghi) and the presence of Indian subcontinent-specific haplogroups (E2 and I) support the independent domestication of chickens in India. This study will help to designbreeding strategy for conservation of Nicobari fowl in its island habitat.
MUNISWAMY KANGAYAN1 ARUN KUMAR DE1 DEBASIS BHATTACHARYA1 SUJATHA TAMILVANAN1 PERUMAL PONRAJ1 RAFEEQUE R. ALYETHODI1 JAI SUNDER1 P. A. BALA1 ANANDAMOY KUNDU1 EAKNATH B. CHAKURKAR2
Volume 102, 2023
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