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transcriptome analysis; furanocoumarin; key genes; root-specific expression; Glehnia littoralis.

The endangered medicinal plant Glehnia littoralis is one of the important natural source of furanocoumarin, which has been used as mucolytic, antitussive, antitumour and antibacterial. However, the genetic information of furanocoumarin biosynthesis in G. littoralis is scarce at present. The objective of this study was to mine the putative candidate genes involved in the biosynthesis pathwayof furanocoumarin and provide references for gene identification, and functional genomics of G. littoralis. We carried out the transcriptome analysis of leaves and roots in G. littoralis, which provided a dataset for gene mining. Psoralen, imperatorin and isoimperatorin were detected in G. littoralis by high performance liquid chromatography analysis. Candidate key genes were mined based on the annotations and local BLAST with homologous sequences using BioEdit software. The relative expression of genes was analysed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Further, the CYP450 genes were mined using phylogenetic analyses using MEGA 6.0 software. Atotal of 156,949 unigenes were generated, of which 9021 were differentially-expressed between leaves and roots. A total of 82 unigenes encoding eight enzymes in furanocoumarin biosynthetic pathway were first obtained. Seven genes that encoded key enzymes in the downstream furanocoumarin biosynthetic pathway and expressed more in roots than leaves were screened. Twenty-six candidate CYP450 unigenes expressed abundantly in roots and were chiefly concentrated in CYP71, CYP85 and CYP72 clans. Finally, we filtered 102 differentially expressed transcription factors (TFs) unigenes. The transcriptome of G. littoralis was characterized which would help to elucidate the furanocoumarin biosynthetic pathway in G. littoralis and provide an invaluable resource for further study of furanocoumarin.

JIEJIE SONG^{1 2} HONGMEI LUO³ ZHICHAO XU³ YUXI ZHANG¹ HUA XIN¹ DAN ZHU¹ XUNZHI ZHU⁴ MENGMENG LIU⁵ WEIQING WANG² HONGWEI REN¹ HONGYU CHEN^{1 3} TING GAO^{1 2}

1. Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, People’s Republic of China
2. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources (Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden), Shanghai 201602, People’s Republic of China
3. Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, People’s Republic of China
4. nstitute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, People’s Republic of China
5. Institute of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, People’s Republic of China

Published

20 January 2020

Manuscript received

14 June 2019

Manuscript revised

25 September 2019

Accepted

30 October 2019

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