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      Permanent link:
      https://www.ias.ac.in/article/fulltext/jgen/096/01/0047-0051

    • Keywords

       

      adaptation; agricultural history; feral livestock; genetic diversity; microsatellites.

    • Abstract

       

      Feral cattle residing in Chirikof Island, Alaska, are relatively distinct from breeds used in commercial production in North America. However, preliminary evidence suggested that they exhibit substantial genetic relationship with cattle fromYakutian region of Siberia. Thus, our objective was to further elucidate quantify the origins, admixture and divergence of the Chirikof Island cattle relative to cattle from Siberia and USA. Subject animals were genotyped at 15 microsatellite loci.Compared with Turano–Mongolian and North American cattle, Chirikof Island cattle had similar variation, with slightly less observed heterozygosity, fewer alleles per locus and a positive fixation index. Analysis of the genetic distances revealed two primary clusters; one that contained the North American breeds and the Kazakh White head, and a second that contained the Yakutian and Kalmyk breeds, and the Chirikof population. Thus, it is suggested that Chirikof Island cattle may be a composite of British breeds emanating from North America and Turano–Mongolian cattle. A potential founder effect, consistent withhistorical records of the Russian–American period, may contribute to the adaptation of the Chirikof Island cattle to their harsh high-latitude environment. Further study of adaptive mechanisms manifest by these cattle is warranted.

    • Author Affiliations

       

      M. D. MACNEIL1 2 L. J. ALEXANDER2 J. KANTANEN3 4 I. A. AMMOSOV5 Z. I. IVANOVA6 R. G. POPOV7 M. OZEROV8 A. MILLBROOKE9 M. A. CRONIN10

      1. Delta G, 145 Ice Cave Rd, Miles City, MT 59301, USA
      2. USDA Agricultural Research Service, 243 Fort Keogh Road, Miles City, MT 59301, USA
      3. Green Technology, Natural Resources Institute Finland, Myllytie 1, FI-31600 Jokioinen, Finland
      4. Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
      5. Board of Agricultural Office of Eveno-Bytantaj Region, Batagay-Alyta 678580, The Sakha Republic (Yakutia), Russia
      6. Autumnwood Ct SE 22344, Yelm WA 98597, United States
      7. Yakutian Research Institute of Agriculture (FGBNU Yakutskij NIISH), 677001 Yakutsk, ul. Bestyzhevo-Marlinskogo 23/1, The Sakha Republic (Yakutia), Russia
      8. Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku 20014, Finland
      9. Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona, Beach, FL 32114, USA
      10. University of Alaska School of Natural Resources and Extension, Palmer, AK 99645, USA

    • Dates

       
      Published
      16 March 2017
      Manuscript received
      29 April 2016
      Manuscript revised
      8 June 2016
      Accepted
      10 June 2016
      Unedited version published online
      14 June 2016
      Final version published online
      17 January 2017

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