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Insights into the charge storage mechanism of Na$_3$V$_2$(PO$_4$)$_3$ cathode in sodium-ion batteries
BO LI JING LIU XIA XIU GUANGLEI YANG KAIXING ZHU
Volume 46 Published: 12 May 2023 Article ID 0097
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https://www.ias.ac.in/article/fulltext/boms/046/0097 -
Keywords
Na-ion battery ;Na$_3$V$_2$(PO$_4$)$_3$ ;charge storage mechanism ;cathode. -
Abstract
The NASICON-type Na$_3$V$_2$(PO$_4$)$_3$ (NVP) material was synthesized through the sol–gel route and characterized as cathode in sodium-ion battery by the cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT) as well as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods. Scan rate-dependent CV demonstrates an approximate diffusion-type behaviour and gives the diffusion coefficient value 5.24 ${\times}$ 10$^{–11}$ cm$^2$ s$^{–1}$ for Na$^+$ in NVP. Both GITT and EIS tests demonstrate the U-shape diffusion coefficients for Na$^+$ correlated to stoichiometry ranging from 10$^{–16}$ to 10$^{–11}$ cm$^2$ s$^{–1}$, where bottom of the diffusion rate corresponding the plateau voltage well matches with CV data. The strong interaction between the main skeleton and Na$^+$ during the two-phase reaction as demonstrated by the X-ray diffraction results was believed as the reason that reduces the diffusion rate of Na$^+$ at the plateau voltage.
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Author Affiliations
BO LI1 JING LIU1 XIA XIU2 GUANGLEI YANG1 KAIXING ZHU1
- College of Mechanical Engineering, College of Mathematics and Physics, Qingdao University of Science and Technology (QUST), Qingdao 266061, China
- Institute of Technology, Qingdao Hengxing University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China
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Dates
- Published
- 12 May 2023
- Manuscript received
- 15 November 2022
- Accepted
- 13 January 2023
- Final version published online
- 12 May 2023
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Bulletin of Materials Science
Volume 46, 2023
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