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Effect of annealing temperature on the structural, dielectric and electric properties of Ni$_{0.7}$Cd$_{0.3}$Fe$_2$O$_4$ ferrites
M ARIFUZZAMAN M B HOSSEN M H RASHID M S AHMED M S ISLAM
Volume 43 Published: 24 June 2020 Article ID 0155
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Fulltext
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https://www.ias.ac.in/article/fulltext/boms/043/0155 -
Keywords
Ni–Cd ferrite ;sol–gel technique ;annealing temperature ;XRD ;impedance spectroscopy ;Cole–Cole plot. -
Abstract
A composition of Ni$_{0.7}$Cd$_{0.3}$Fe$_2$O$_4$ (NCF) ferrite nanoparticles was synthesized by a sol–gel auto-combustion technique. The particles in powder form were annealed at 550 and 700$^{\circ}$C to study the structural, dielectric and electric properties of NCF by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy, impedance and modulusspectroscopy. XRD patterns confirmed the single phase cubic spinel structure of the sample. The average crystallite size of NCF was found to be 17 nm at 550$^{\circ}$C and 31 nm at 700$^{\circ}$C, respectively. The variation in complex dielectric constant, loss tangent and impedance along with the modulus properties of NCF with frequencies was observed at room temperature becauseof their size and annealing temperature. Notably, dielectric dispersion of the materials was observed at low frequencies because of Maxwell–Wagner interfacial polarization. The impedance and modulus spectroscopy were used to investigate the electric properties of the materials, which revealed the increase in grain and grain boundary resistance with annealing temperature. A non-Debye type of relaxation in the materials was evidenced through the Cole–Cole study of impedance and modulus spectra.
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Author Affiliations
M ARIFUZZAMAN1 M B HOSSEN2 M H RASHID1 M S AHMED1 M S ISLAM1
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, North South University, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh
- Department of Physics, Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology, Chittagong 4349, Bangladesh
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Dates
- Published
- 24 June 2020
- Manuscript received
- 19 September 2019
- Accepted
- 17 April 2020
- Final version published online
- 24 June 2020
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Bulletin of Materials Science
Volume 46, 2023
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