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Green synthesis; ZnO nanoparticles; photocatalyst; dye; photodegradation.

We reported a facile, green and eco-friendly approach for the synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using aqueous extract of Garcinia mangostana (G. mangostana) fruit pericarp as reducing agent as well as capping agent. Biosynthesized ZnO NPs were characterized by various analytical tools using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infraredspectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and UV–Vis spectroscopy. The results showed that ZnO NPs synthesized by aqueous extract of G. mangostana fruit pericarp with high purity, mostly spherical in shape with an average size of 21 nm. The photocatalytic activity of biosynthesized ZnO NPs was evaluated by carrying out the degradation of malachite green dye under solar irradiation. The extent of MG dye degradation was monitored spectrophotometrically by measuring absorbance at its characteristics $\lambda_{\max}$ value of 615 nm. Degradation products were detected using liquid chromatography–mass spectrophotometry technique. Thebiosynthesized ZnO NPs showed an excellent photocatalyst performance due to the small size and high purity.

MOHAMMOD AMINUZZAMAN¹ LIM POH YING¹ WEE-SHENOG GOH¹ AKIRA WATANABE²

1. Department of Chemical Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), Perak Campus, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Barat, 31900 Kampar, Malaysia
2. Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, Katahira 2-1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan

Manuscript received

16 June 2017

Accepted

15 August 2017