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August 2004
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Article-in-a-Box
Werner Heisenberg (1901 - 1976)
His Life and Science
Werner Heisenberg was one of the most important physicists of the twentieth
century. He was the first to consistently formulate quantum mechanics
in 1925. His version used matrices to represent physical observables
and is thus known as Matrix Mechanics. A little later, quantum
mechanics was discovered in another formulation, now known as Wave Mechanics,
by Erwin Schrödinger. Soon, the equivalence between the two formulations,
despite their being seemingly very different from each other, was shown
by Eckart and by Schrödinger.
Werner Heisenberg was born in Würzburg on December 5, 1901 to
August Heisenberg, a Professor of Greek Philology. His mother Annie
née Wecklein was the daughter of a headmaster in Maximilian Gymnasium
at Munich, where he had his early education. He became the leader of
a group of boys, associated with a German Youth Movement
from the military unit of his school. This movement was somewhat right
wing and had anti-modernist romantic leanings. His personality was moulded
by this participation.
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Address for Correspondence
Virendra Singh
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research
Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400 005, India.
Email: vsingh@theory.tifr.res.in
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